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Behavioral response of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes against spatial repellent: a modified self-propelled particle model simulation
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0244447 (2020), PLoS ONE, PloS one, vol 15, iss 12
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Rapidly increasing pyrethroid insecticide resistance and changes in vector biting and resting behavior pose serious challenges in malaria control. Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. Many of these repellents contain the same or similar chemicals as those used in insecticides. Does resistance to insecticides affect the efficacy of spatial repellents? We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the self-propelled particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). We assumed attractant odors and repellent chemicals diffused randomly and omnidirectionally, and that mosquitoes were confined in a cubic cage. We modified the velocity and direction components of SPP using attraction/repulsion rates and concentrations. Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, mosquitoes might or might not fly toward the source (i.e., the human), depending on the simulation time (and thus the attractant concentration distribution). Eventually, however, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor. With repellent, results depended on the amount of chemical used and the level of mosquito insecticide resistance. All insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point. Surprisingly, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation when repellent was present compare to no repellent was present. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective.
- Subjects :
- Insecticides
Mosquito Control
Anopheles gambiae
Anopheles Gambiae
Social Sciences
Disease Vectors
Mosquitoes
Insecticide Resistance
Machine Learning
Toxicology
Medical Conditions
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
0302 clinical medicine
Models
Pyrethrins
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Pyrethroid insecticide
0303 health sciences
Multidisciplinary
Animal Behavior
Mathematical Models
Eukaryota
Agriculture
Chemical used
Attraction
3. Good health
Insects
Infectious Diseases
Flight
Medicine
Infection
Agrochemicals
Malaria control
Research Article
animal structures
Arthropoda
General Science & Technology
Particle model
Release point
Science
030231 tropical medicine
Insect Physiology
Mosquito Vectors
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Models, Biological
03 medical and health sciences
Anopheles
parasitic diseases
Parasitic Diseases
Animals
Animal Physiology
Host-Seeking Behavior
Humans
Computer Simulation
030304 developmental biology
Invertebrate Physiology
Behavior
Extramural
Animal
fungi
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
biology.organism_classification
Biological
Tropical Diseases
Invertebrates
Insect Vectors
Malaria
Vector-Borne Diseases
Species Interactions
Good Health and Well Being
Behavioral response
Odor
13. Climate action
Random Walk
Flight, Animal
Insect Repellents
Odorants
Zoology
Entomology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0244447 (2020), PLoS ONE, PloS one, vol 15, iss 12
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fbcdc317f03efac20c063251aebd1b89
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.20.000281