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The role of ER stress in lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity
- Source :
- Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 57, Iss 8, Pp 1329-1338 (2016)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2016.
-
Abstract
- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle important for regulating calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, and posttranslational modification and trafficking. Numerous environmental, physiological, and pathological insults disturb ER homeostasis, referred to as ER stress, in which a collection of conserved intracellular signaling pathways, termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), are activated to maintain ER function for cell survival. However, excessive and/or prolonged UPR activation leads to initiation of self-destruction through apoptosis. Excessive accumulation of lipids and their intermediate products causes metabolic abnormalities and cell death, called lipotoxicity, in peripheral organs, including the pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, and heart. Because accumulating evidence links chronic ER stress and defects in UPR signaling to lipotoxicity in peripheral tissues, understanding the role of ER stress in cell physiology is a topic under intense investigation. In this review, we highlight recent findings that link ER stress and UPR signaling to the pathogenesis of peripheral organs due to lipotoxicity.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Cell signaling
Programmed cell death
Apoptosis
QD415-436
Biology
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Biochemistry
lipids
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
Internal medicine
Organelle
medicine
cell signaling
Animals
Humans
Muscle, Skeletal
diabetes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Myocardium
Lipid metabolism
Thematic Review Series
Cell Biology
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Lipid Metabolism
Cell biology
030104 developmental biology
Lipotoxicity
Liver
Unfolded protein response
Unfolded Protein Response
fatty acid
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Homeostasis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 57, Iss 8, Pp 1329-1338 (2016)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fb718c17d64a19c9b0df74974c59146c