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Molecular Data Reveal Multiple Lineages in Piranhas of the Genus Pygocentrus (Teleostei, Characiformes)
- Source :
- Genes, Vol 10, Iss 5, p 371 (2019), Genes, Volume 10, Issue 5
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Carnivorous piranhas are distributed in four serrasalmid genera including Pygocentrus, which inhabit major river basins of South America. While P. cariba and P. piraya are endemics of the Orinoco and S&atilde<br />o Francisco basins, respectively, P. nattereri is widely distributed across the Amazonas, Essequibo, lower Paran&aacute<br />Paraguay, and coastal rivers of northeastern Brazil, with recent records of introductions in Asia. Few studies have focused on the genetic diversity and systematics of Pygocentrus and the putative presence of additional species within P. nattereri has never been the subject of a detailed molecular study. Here we aimed to delimit species of Pygocentrus, test the phylogeographic structure of P. nattereri, and access the origin of introduced specimens of P. nattereri in Asia. Phylogenetic analyses based on a mitochondrial dataset involving maximum-likelihood tree reconstruction, genetic distances, Bayesian analysis, three delimitation approaches, and haplotype analysis corroborate the morphological hypothesis of the occurrence of three species of Pygocentrus. However, we provide here strong evidence that P. nattereri contains at least five phylogeographically-structured lineages in the Amazonas, Guapor&eacute<br />(type locality), Itapecuru, Paran&aacute<br />/Paraguay, and Tocantins/Araguaia river basins. We finally found that the introduced specimens in Asia consistently descend from the lineage of P. nattereri from the main Rio Amazonas. These results contribute to future research aimed to detect morphological variation that may occur in those genetic lineages of Pygocentrus.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Systematics
lcsh:QH426-470
Lineage (evolution)
Zoology
Characiformes
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
DNA barcoding
03 medical and health sciences
Genetics
DNA barcode
Pygocentrus
Neotropical region
Endemism
Genetics (clinical)
biodiversity
biology
biology.organism_classification
Phylogeography
lcsh:Genetics
030104 developmental biology
Geography
Type locality
Serrasalmidae
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734425
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Genes
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fb36b265f95cdabd2cec94d013fa380d