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Changed epidemiology of anthrax and molecular characteristics of Bacillus anthracis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- Source :
- Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 68:2250-2260
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Anthrax is a natural foci disease in Inner Mongolia, which poses a severe threat to public health. In this study, the incidence number, rate and constituent ratio were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of anthrax in the region from 1956-2018. The molecular correlation and genetic characteristics of the strains were investigated using canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (CanSNP), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA-15) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). The epidemiological characteristics of anthrax in Inner Mongolia have altered significantly. The incidence of anthrax has decreased annually without vaccination, and the regional distribution of anthrax gradually transferred from central and western regions to the eastern. Moreover, the occupation distribution evolved from multiple early occupations to predominated by farmers and herdsmen. This change is closely related to policy factors and to changes in the means of production and the living habits of the local population. This indicates that reformulating the control and prevention strategies is essential. Both A. Br. Ames and A. Br. 001/002 subgroups were the predominant CanSNP genotypes of Bacillus anthracis in Inner Mongolia. A total of 36 strains constituted six shared MLVA-15 genotypes, suggesting an epidemiological link between the strains of each shared genotype. The six shared genotypes ([GT1, 9, 11 and 15] and [GT8 and 12]) consisting of 2-7 strains confirmed the occurrence of multiple point outbreaks and cross-regional transmission caused by multiple common sources of infection. Phylogenetic analysis based on the WGS core genome showed that strains from this study formed an independent clade (C.V.), and they were positioned close to each other, suggesting a common origin. Further comparison analysis should be performed to ascertain the geographic origin of these strains.
- Subjects :
- China
Genotype
040301 veterinary sciences
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Minisatellite Repeats
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Genome
Anthrax
0403 veterinary science
03 medical and health sciences
Animals
Clade
Phylogeny
030304 developmental biology
Whole genome sequencing
Genetics
Molecular Epidemiology
0303 health sciences
General Veterinary
General Immunology and Microbiology
biology
Phylogenetic tree
Outbreak
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
General Medicine
biology.organism_classification
Bacillus anthracis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18651682 and 18651674
- Volume :
- 68
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fb28d82bfbf706894ef789f2998a20aa