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Is Persistent Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder a Milder Form of Tourette Syndrome?
- Source :
- Movement Disorders, Movement Disorders, 36(8), 1899-1910. Wiley
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder (PMVT) has been hypothesized to be a forme fruste of Tourette syndrome (TS). Although the primary diagnostic criterion for PMVT (presence of motor or vocal tics, but not both) is clear, less is known about its clinical presentation. Objective The goals of this study were to compare the prevalence and number of comorbid psychiatric disorders, tic severity, age at tic onset, and family history for TS and PMVT. Methods We analyzed data from two independent cohorts using generalized linear equations and confirmed our findings using meta-analyses, incorporating data from previously published literature. Results Rates of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were lower in PMVT than in TS in all analyses. Other psychiatric comorbidities occurred with similar frequencies in PMVT and TS in both cohorts, although meta-analyses suggested lower rates of most psychiatric disorders in PMVT compared with TS. ADHD and OCD increased the odds of comorbid mood, anxiety, substance use, and disruptive behaviors, and accounted for observed differences between PMVT and TS. Age of tic onset was approximately 2 years later, and tic severity was lower in PMVT than in TS. First-degree relatives had elevated rates of TS, PMVT, OCD, and ADHD compared with population prevalences, with rates of TS equal to or greater than PMVT rates. Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that PMVT and TS occur along a clinical spectrum in which TS is a more severe and PMVT a less severe manifestation of a continuous neurodevelopmental tic spectrum disorder. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Tic disorder
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Movement disorders
Population
severity
Regular Issue Articles
Comorbidity
Tourette syndrome
chronic tics
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
mental disorders
medicine
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Humans
Spectrum disorder
education
Research Articles
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Tourette
medicine.disease
meta-analysis
030104 developmental biology
Mood
Neurology
meta‐analysis
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Tic Disorders
Tics
Anxiety
Neurology (clinical)
medicine.symptom
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Research Article
Tourette Syndrome
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 08853185
- Volume :
- 36
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Movement Disorders
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fac37658ad2fc0f9601dd5767ce80cc5