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Effect of HIV-1 Infection on Angiopoietin 1 and 2 Levels and Measures of Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelial Dysfunction
- Source :
- Journal of the American Heart Association, vol 10, iss 22, Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, Vol 10, Iss 22 (2021), Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- eScholarship, University of California, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Individuals infected with HIV have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease; yet, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Recent evidence has implicated the Tie‐2 tyrosine kinase receptor system and its associated ligands ANG1 (angiopoietin 1) and ANG2 (angiopoietin 2) in maintaining vascular homeostasis. In the general population, lower ANG1 levels and higher ANG2 levels are strongly correlated with the development of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aim to investigate the associations of HIV infection with angiopoietin levels and endothelial dysfunction. Methods and Results In this cross‐sectional study, we compared measures of ANG1, ANG2, and endothelial dysfunction using flow‐mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery in 39 untreated subjects infected with HIV, 47 treated subjects infected with HIV, and 46 uninfected subjects from the SCOPE (Observational Study of the Consequences of the Protease Inhibitor Era) cohort. Compared with uninfected controls, treated individuals infected with HIV had 53.1% lower mean ANG1 levels ( P P P P P P =0.05). In contrast, HIV status, ANG1 levels, and ANG2 levels were not associated with macrovascular dysfunction as measured by flow‐mediated dilatation and brachial artery diameter, 2 other measures of vascular homeostasis. Conclusions HIV infection affects the balance between levels of ANG1 and ANG2 and may disturb endothelial homeostasis through disruption of vascular homeostasis. Individuals with treated HIV had decreased ANG1 levels and similar ANG2 levels, whereas individuals with untreated HIV had similar ANG1 levels and increased ANG2 levels, suggesting that treatment status may alter the balance between ANG1 and ANG2. HIV also promotes endothelial dysfunction via impairment of microvascular dysfunction, independent of the Tie‐2 receptor system; the finding of worse microvascular dysfunction in the setting of treated HIV infection may reflect the impact of viral persistence on the microvasculature or toxicities of specific antiretroviral regimens. Further research to clarify the mechanism of HIV‐mediated endothelial dysfunction is necessary to advance treatment of cardiovascular complications of HIV infection.
- Subjects :
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
HIV Infections
Disease
Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
medicine.disease_cause
angiopoietin 2
Cardiovascular
Vascular Medicine
angiopoietin 1
endothelial dysfunction
Angiopoietin-2
Vascular Biology
Clinical Research
Clinical Studies
medicine
Angiopoietin-1
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system
Humans
2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Endothelial dysfunction
Aetiology
TIE-2
Original Research
Inflammation
business.industry
Angiopoietin 2
HIV
medicine.disease
Receptor, TIE-2
Increased risk
Cross-Sectional Studies
Infectious Diseases
Good Health and Well Being
Cardiovascular Diseases
RC666-701
Immunology
Endothelium/Vascular Type/Nitric Oxide
HIV-1
endothelial homeostasis
HIV/AIDS
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Infection
Receptor
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Heart Association, vol 10, iss 22, Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, Vol 10, Iss 22 (2021), Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fa23ecb032ecf70052878bac6be8f0ca