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Corn intercropped with tropical perennial grasses as affected by sidedress nitrogen application rates
- Source :
- Scopus, Repositório Institucional da UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), instacron:UNESP
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:48:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) In tropical regions, one of the primary difficulties in the sustainability of no-till systems is the maintenance of soil cover throughout the year. Intercropping corn (Zea mays L.) with tropical perennial grasses is an innovative approach to overcome this difficulty. However, the use of sidedress nitrogen (N) fertilization in this intercropping system remains incompletely studied. The effects of using sidedress N application rates (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha−1 N) on monocropped corn or corn intercropped with palisadegrass [Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R. Webster ‘Marandu’] or guineagrass [Megathyrsus maximum (Jacq.) R. Webster ‘Mombaça’] with respect to leaf nutrient concentration, agronomic characteristics, revenue and land use efficiency were investigated over three growing seasons in the Brazilian Cerrado region on a clay soil, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox. In general, the intercropping systems of corn with palisade or guineagrass did not cause reductions in the leaf nutrient concentration, agronomic characteristics, kernels attributes, shoot dry matter and corn yield compared to that observed in the monocropped system. High sidedress N application rates promoted higher concentrations of nutrients in leaves (primarily N and P), corn yield, forage production and crude protein concentration in the off-season. Corn monocropped or intercropped with palisadegrass and guineagrass using 113, 156 and 187 kg ha−1 N resulted in the highest corn yields (9.2, 8.8 and 9.7 Mg ha−1, respectively). In addition, using these N application rates, corn intercropped with palisadegrass and guineagrass and subsequent meat production estimated on pastures resulted in the highest net profits (US$ 1196 and 1093 ha−1, respectively), whereas monocropped corn without N addition resulted in the lowest net profits (US$ 304 ha−1). Thus, forage produced during the off-season can be used for animal grazing or fodder during the dry season, increasing revenue. Corn intercropped with palisade grass with the addition of 200 kg ha−1 N resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio and relative N yield (1.21 and 123%, respectively). In summary, sidedress N fertilization in intercropped systems can increase crop and forage yields and revenue, improving land-use efficiency in tropical agriculture. São Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology (APTA) Department of Crop Science College of Agricultural Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science UNESP College of Agricultural Science UNESP Corn and Sorghum Research Center Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) USDA – Agricultural Research Service, 3218 Williams Hall, NCSU Campus, Box 7619 Soils and Environmental Resources Center Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) Department of Crop Science College of Agricultural Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science UNESP College of Agricultural Science UNESP FAPESP: 2003/01968-7 FAPESP: 2003/09914-3
- Subjects :
- Perennial plant
Tropical agriculture
Soil Science
Growing season
Intercropping
Forage
Urochloa brizantha
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
010501 environmental sciences
Biology
No-tillage system
biology.organism_classification
01 natural sciences
Megathyrsus maximum
Sustainable tropical agriculture
Nutrient
Agronomy
Fodder
Intercropping crops
Dry season
040103 agronomy & agriculture
0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Zea mays L
Agronomy and Crop Science
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Scopus, Repositório Institucional da UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), instacron:UNESP
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fa030af0783c1e1c76038eeb07353a5c