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Cryptococcus and cryptococcosis in Iran during 1969-2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Source :
- Journal de mycologie medicale. 30(1)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Objective Limited data are available on the epidemiology and etiology of cryptococcal infections in the Middle East. We aimed to conduct the systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the epidemiological data on prevalence of Cryptococcus species complexes in trees and their surroundings, bird guano and secretions, animals, and highlight the reported episodes of cryptococcosis in Iran. Materials and methods Twelve databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Proquest, Google Scholar, Embase, and the ISI Web of Science, as well as the national databases, from January 1969 to October 2019 were searched. Furthermore, gray literature (e.g., thesis, congress abstracts) was evaluated using Iran Doc and www.thesis.research.ac.ir . Search process was accomplished on English or Persian language articles using the following keywords: “Cryptococcus”, “Cryptococcosis”, “invasive fungal infection”, “Humans”, “Birds”, “Pigeon”, “Animals”, “Tree”, “Eucalyptus”, and “Iran”, both alone and in combination. Results Overall 36 studies were eligible regarding Cryptococcus and cryptococcosis in Iran. The total prevalence rates of Cryptococcus species in the tree was 4.7% (95% CI: 2.3–7.8), and in bird guano was 20.4% (95% CI: 10.7–32.2). Cryptococcosis in animal, and human were 1.7% (95% CI: 0.01–5.1), and 2.8% (95% CI: 0.7v6.1), respectively. The highest prevalence of Cryptococcus in the trees (14.6%), and bird guano (89.4%) in Khorasan, animals (8.9%) in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, and human (4.4%) in Mazandaran provinces were reported. Conclusions Given the significant risk of Cryptococcus species for susceptible humans, mainly HIV-infected patients, it seems quite necessary to adopt concrete preventive strategies to pinpoint the environmental habitats of this yeast.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Prevalence
Cryptococcus
Iran
Trees
03 medical and health sciences
Epidemiology
medicine
Animals
Humans
Columbidae
Cryptococcus gattii
Plant Diseases
Cryptococcus neoformans
0303 health sciences
Eucalyptus
biology
030306 microbiology
business.industry
Bird Diseases
Cryptococcosis
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Infectious Diseases
Guano
Etiology
business
Invasive Fungal Infections
Demography
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17730449
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal de mycologie medicale
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f922476e87c60e8750d42de126279501