Risk of lung cancer from exposure to dusts and fibers in Leningrad Province, Russia

Background Exposures to several dusts and fibers (DFs) have been established or suggested as etiologic factors for lung cancer. Methods To investigate lung cancer risk in relation to exposure to DFs, we identified 540 pathologically-diagnosed lung cancer cases and 582 controls from the 1993–1998 autopsy records of the 88 hospitals of Leningrad Province, Russia. Lifetime job-specific exposure measurements were available for 15 organic, 15 man-made and 28 natural-inorganic agents. Results In male workers, increased risks were found for linen dust (OR = 3.68, 95% CI 1.00–13.6, adjusted for age, smoking and residence), and unspecified DFs (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.07–1.94). Small non-significant excess risks were observed for quartz dust (OR = 1.27; 95% CI 0.83–1.93) and man-made vitreous fibers (MMVFs) (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 0.88–3.75). In female subjects, risks were non-significantly associated with paper dust (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 0.74–4.20), and unspecified DFs (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 0.77–3.03). Conclusions The study showed increased lung cancer risk for selected categories of DFs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.