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Dis3L2 regulates cell proliferation and tissue growth through a conserved mechanism
- Source :
- PLoS Genetics, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e1009297 (2020), PLoS Genetics
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Dis3L2 is a highly conserved 3’-5’ exoribonuclease which is mutated in the human overgrowth disorders Perlman syndrome and Wilms’ tumour of the kidney. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system, we have generated a new dis3L2 null mutant together with wild-type and nuclease-dead genetic lines in Drosophila to demonstrate that the catalytic activity of Dis3L2 is required to control cell proliferation. To understand the cellular pathways regulated by Dis3L2 to control proliferation, we used RNA-seq on dis3L2 mutant wing discs to show that the imaginal disc growth factor Idgf2 is responsible for driving the wing overgrowth. IDGFs are conserved proteins homologous to human chitinase-like proteins such as CHI3L1/YKL-40 which are implicated in tissue regeneration as well as cancers including colon cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. We also demonstrate that loss of DIS3L2 in human kidney HEK-293T cells results in cell proliferation, illustrating the conservation of this important cell proliferation pathway. Using these human cells, we show that loss of DIS3L2 results in an increase in the PI3-Kinase/AKT signalling pathway, which we subsequently show to contribute towards the proliferation phenotype in Drosophila. Our work therefore provides the first mechanistic explanation for DIS3L2-induced overgrowth in humans and flies and identifies an ancient proliferation pathway controlled by Dis3L2 to regulate cell proliferation and tissue growth.<br />Author summary Regulation of cell proliferation is not only important during development but also required for repair of damaged tissues and during wound healing. Using human kidney cells as well as the fruit fly Drosophila we have recently discovered that cell proliferation can be regulated by a protein named Dis3L2. Depletion or removal of this protein results in excess proliferation. These results are relevant to human disease as DIS3L2 has been shown to be mutated in an overgrowth syndrome (Perlman syndrome) where affected children have abnormal enlargement of organs (e.g. kidneys) and susceptibility to Wilms’ tumour (a kidney cancer). Dis3L2 is an enzyme known to "chew up" mRNA molecules which instruct the cell to make particular proteins. Using state-of-the-art molecular methods in Drosophila, we have discovered that Dis3L2 targets a small subset of mRNAs, including an mRNA encoding a growth factor named 'imaginal disc growth factor 2' (idgf2). For human kidney cells in culture, we have found that depletion of DIS3L2 results in enhanced proliferation, and that this involves a well-known cellular pathway. Our results mean that we have discovered a new way of controlling cell proliferation, which could, in the future, be used in human therapies.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
Life Cycles
Mutant
QH426-470
Biochemistry
Conserved sequence
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
0302 clinical medicine
Larvae
Exoribonuclease
Morphogenesis
Drosophila Proteins
Electron Microscopy
Post-Translational Modification
Phosphorylation
Genetics (clinical)
Conserved Sequence
0303 health sciences
Microscopy
Drosophila Melanogaster
Eukaryota
Animal Models
Phenotype
Cell biology
Insects
Imaginal Discs
Experimental Organism Systems
Cell Processes
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Hyperexpression Techniques
Drosophila
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Signal transduction
Drosophila melanogaster
Signal Transduction
Research Article
Arthropoda
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Transfection
03 medical and health sciences
Model Organisms
Gene Expression and Vector Techniques
Genetics
Animals
Humans
Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
Molecular Biology Techniques
Molecular Biology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
030304 developmental biology
Cell Proliferation
Glycoproteins
Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques
Cell growth
HEK 293 cells
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Cell Biology
biology.organism_classification
Invertebrates
HEK293 Cells
Animal Studies
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
Zoology
Entomology
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15537404 and 15537390
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Genetics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f86333280b7ea7fe4b26c18f4d94981b