The Comparison of Black Currant Juice and Vitamin E for the Prevention of Oxidative Stress

Black currant is known as a fruit with a very strong in vitro antioxidative capacity, but its in vivo antioxidant efficacy has not yet been characterized. The aim of the experiment was to determine the potency of black currant juice in comparison to vitamin E, for decreasing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was induced by high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in pigs as a model for humans. Twenty-four growing pigs were divided into four groups. All groups received isocaloric daily rations composed of an equal amount of basal diet that was supplemented with starch (CONT), linseed oil (OIL), linseed oil and black currant juice (OIL+BCJ), or linseed oil and vitamin E (OIL+VIT E). The experiment confirmed that the high proportion of PUFAs in the OIL group increased oxidative stress. In comparison with the OIL group, vitamin E supplementation significantly lowered plasma malondiadehyde (MDA) and the 24-hour urine MDA excretion rate, and reduced the degree of DNA damage in leukocytes to the level of the CONT group. The black currant juice intake failed to significantly decrease plasma MDA and 24-hour urine MDA excretion rate, but did reduce the degree of DNA damage in leukocytes to the level of the CONT group, as well as increase plasma β+γ-tocopherol concentrations. Although black currant juice did not reduce the formation of MDA, it efficiently prevented DNA damage induced by the high intake of PUFAs. It could be concluded that under these experimental conditions vitamin E was more efficient as an antioxidant that black currant juice.