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Exploring the Interface between Inflammatory and Therapeutic Glucocorticoid Induced Bone and Muscle Loss
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 22, p 5768 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Due to their potent immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory properties, synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely utilized in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease. In this review, we examine our current understanding of how chronic inflammation and commonly used therapeutic GCs interact to regulate bone and muscle metabolism. Whilst both inflammation and therapeutic GCs directly promote systemic osteoporosis and muscle wasting, the mechanisms whereby they achieve this are distinct. Importantly, their interactions in vivo are greatly complicated secondary to the directly opposing actions of GCs on a wide array of pro-inflammatory signalling pathways that underpin catabolic and anti-anabolic metabolism. Several clinical studies have attempted to address the net effects of therapeutic glucocorticoids on inflammatory bone loss and muscle wasting using a range of approaches. These have yielded a wide array of results further complicated by the nature of inflammatory disease, underlying the disease management and regimen of GC therapy. Here, we report the latest findings related to these pathway interactions and explore the latest insights from murine models of disease aimed at modelling these processes and delineating the contribution of pre-receptor steroid metabolism. Understanding these processes remains paramount in the effective management of patients with chronic inflammatory disease.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Osteoporosis
NF-KAPPA-B
Review
Disease
Bioinformatics
lcsh:Chemistry
0302 clinical medicine
PROTEIN BREAKDOWN
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Wasting
Spectroscopy
IN-VIVO
General Medicine
Computer Science Applications
11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-1
medicine.symptom
Glucocorticoid
RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR
Signal Transduction
medicine.drug
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Inflammation
Bone and Bones
Catalysis
OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION
Inorganic Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION
Receptors, Glucocorticoid
In vivo
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Therapeutic Glucocorticoid
Muscle, Skeletal
Glucocorticoids
Molecular Biology
Muscle loss
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA
muscle wasting
medicine.disease
osteoporosis
RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
glucocorticoid
MINERAL DENSITY
business
Transcription Factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 22
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f6d39ff19bcf436a5a09ff1bc2a245c7