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Virus-induced Volatile Organic Compounds Are Detectable in Exhaled Breath during Pulmonary Infection
- Source :
- Am J Respir Crit Care Med
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- American Thoracic Society, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition punctuated by acute exacerbations commonly triggered by viral and/or bacterial infection. Early identification of exacerbation triggers is important to guide appropriate therapy, but currently available tests are slow and imprecise. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be detected in exhaled breath and have the potential to be rapid tissue-specific biomarkers of infection etiology. Objectives: To determine whether volatile organic compound measurement could distinguish viral from bacterial infection in COPD. Methods: We used serial sampling within in vitro and in vivo studies to elucidate the dynamic changes that occur in VOC production during acute respiratory viral infection. Highly sensitive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques were used to measure VOC production from infected airway epithelial-cell cultures and in exhaled breath samples from healthy subjects experimentally challenged with rhinovirus (RV)-A16 and from subjects with COPD with naturally occurring exacerbations. Measurements and Main Results: We identified a novel VOC signature comprising decane and other long-chain alkane compounds that is induced during RV infection of cultured airway epithelial cells and is also increased in the exhaled breath from healthy subjects experimentally challenged with RV and from patients with COPD during naturally occurring viral exacerbations. These compounds correlated with the magnitude of antiviral immune responses, viral burden, and exacerbation severity but were not induced by bacterial infection, suggesting that they represent a specific virus-inducible signature. Conclusions: Our study highlights the potential for measurement of exhaled breath VOCs as rapid, noninvasive biomarkers of viral infection. Further studies are needed to determine whether measurement of these signatures could be used to guide more targeted therapy with antibiotic/antiviral agents for COPD exacerbations.
- Subjects :
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
volatile organic compound
STRESS
Exacerbation
Virus infection
Respiratory System
RHINOVIRUS INFECTION
PROTEIN
Pulmonary disease
Pulmonary infection
ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
medicine.disease_cause
Breathing Exercises
Viral infection
ACUTE EXACERBATIONS
Virus
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Critical Care Medicine
INFLAMMATION
General & Internal Medicine
Humans
COPD
Medicine
Respiratory system
11 Medical and Health Sciences
Science & Technology
IDENTIFICATION
business.industry
Respiration
Original Articles
Pneumonia
medicine.disease
rhinovirus
SPECTROMETRY
BACTERIA
Immunology
viral infection
Rhinovirus
business
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15354970 and 1073449X
- Volume :
- 204
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f63eba08ecfe1642a57b5f3c78c19c27