Computer-supported indirect-form lifestyle-modification support program using Lifestyle Intervention Support Software for Diabetes Prevention (LISS-DP) for people with a family history of type 2 diabetes in a medical checkup setting: a randomized controlled trial

Aims To investigate the effect of a computer-supported indirect-form lifestyle-modification program using Lifestyle Intervention Support Software for Diabetes Prevention (LISS-DP), as a clinically feasible strategy for primary prevention, on diet and physical activity habits in adults with a family history of type 2 diabetes. Methods This was a two-arm, randomized controlled trial: (1) lifestyle intervention (LI) group (n = 70); (2) control (n = 71). Healthy adults aged 30–60 years with a history of type 2 diabetes among their first-degree relatives were recruited. LI group received three times of lifestyle intervention using LISS-DP during six-month intervention period via mail. Results Lifestyle intervention group showed significantly greater decrease in energy intake six months after baseline, compared to control (−118.31 and −24.79 kcal/day, respectively, p = 0.0099, Cohen's d = 0.22), though the difference disappeared 1 year after from baseline. No difference was found in physical activity energy expenditure. Conclusions A computer-based, non-face-to-face lifestyle intervention was effective on dietary habits, only during the intervention period. Further examination of the long-term effects of such intervention and physical activity is required.