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Contribution of High School Sport Participation to Young Adult Bone Strength
- Source :
- Med Sci Sports Exerc
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2019.
-
Abstract
- Introduction Nearly 8 million American adolescents participate in sports. Participation declines in young adulthood. Purpose This study assessed longitudinal effects of high school sport participation and muscle power on young adult bone strength. Methods Two hundred twenty-eight young adults from the Iowa Bone Development Study completed an interscholastic sport participation questionnaire. Current physical activity (PA) behaviors were assessed via questionnaire. Dual x-ray absorptiometry assessed hip areal bone mineral density and was used with hip structure analysis to estimate femoral neck section modulus and hip cross-sectional area. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography provided strength-strain index and bone strength index at 38% and 4% midshaft tibial sites, respectively. Vertical jump estimated muscle power at 17 yr. Sex-specific multiple linear regression predicted young adult bone outcomes based on sport participation groups. Mediation analysis analyzed the effects of muscle power on relationships between sport participation and bone strength. Results At follow-up, males participating in any interscholastic sport had greater bone strength than males who did not participate in sport. The explained variability in bone outcomes was 2% to 16%. Females who participated in sports requiring muscle power had greater bone strength than females who did not participate in sports or females who participated in nonpower sports (explained variability was 4%-10%). Muscle power mediated 24.7% to 41% of the effect of sport participation on bone outcomes in males and 19.4% to 30% in females. Conclusions Former male interscholastic sport participants and female interscholastic power sport participants have stronger bones than peers even when adjusting for current PA. Muscle power did not fully explain differences in all bone outcomes, suggesting that sport participation has additional bone health benefits.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Bone density
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Article
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Vertical jump
Absorptiometry, Photon
0302 clinical medicine
Bone Density
Humans
Medicine
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Longitudinal Studies
Muscle Strength
Young adult
Quantitative computed tomography
Femoral neck
Bone mineral
Anthropometry
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Section modulus
030229 sport sciences
medicine.anatomical_structure
Physical therapy
Female
business
human activities
Sports
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15300315 and 01959131
- Volume :
- 51
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f40f160be0aea42b36ae5585b8fceee2
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001870