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Biodiversity, Leishmania genetic typing and host identification of phlebotomine species in endemic foci of southeastern Iran
- Source :
- Heliyon, Heliyon, Vol 5, Iss 9, Pp e02369-(2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Leishmaniasis is a growing health challenge in many parts of Iran, including Kerman Province. Investigating vector ecology and parasite-harboring capacity is prerequisite to the disease control measures. This study included six provincial sites namely Bam (Bm), Dehbakri (Di), Jiroft (Jt), Mohammad-Abad (Md), Rostam-Abad (Rd) and Darb-e-Behesht (Dt) where sand flies were trapped. The specimens were then identified before being exposed to DNA extraction. PCR-RFLP was used to detect leishmanial infection rates and feeding preference of vectors. Diversity indices indicated that the highest effective numbers of species was in plain sites, whereas, the highest expected numbers of species was in mountainous sites. P. papatasi and P. sergenti showed similar feeding preferences to both human and animal bloods. P. papatasi from indoor catches was found infected with Leishmania major at a 2% rate. The ITS1 gene sequences of isolated parasites were >99% similar to related GenBank haplotypes. Bam and Rostam-Abad remain active foci of both types of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Md and Di are prone to visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Jt is not at risk of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) due to absence of P. sergenti. Sand flies are absent in Dt, probably because of high elevation and cold climate. In conclusion, patterns of climate and ecosystem changes and vector-host-reservoirs interactions must be carefully scrutinized if leishmaniasis is to be controlled in the stricken sites.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine
Epidemiology
Biodiversity
ITS1 gene
Article
Environmental science
PCR-RFLP
03 medical and health sciences
Diversity index
0302 clinical medicine
DNA typing
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Vector-borne disease
medicine
Kerman province
Leishmania major
lcsh:Social sciences (General)
lcsh:Science (General)
Infectious disease
Multidisciplinary
Ecology
Phlebotomine vectors
biology
Haplotype
Health sciences
Leishmaniasis
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Biodiversity index
Insect ecology
Biological sciences
030104 developmental biology
Visceral leishmaniasis
Vector (epidemiology)
lcsh:H1-99
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
lcsh:Q1-390
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 24058440
- Volume :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Heliyon
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f3e1121b4946aae217e3cabadbf7a76b