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Radiomics to predict immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis: proof of concept
- Source :
- Investigational New Drugs. 36:601-607
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2017.
-
Abstract
- We present the first reported work that explores the potential of radiomics to predict patients who are at risk for developing immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis. Despite promising results with immunotherapies, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are challenging. Although less common, pneumonitis is a potentially fatal irAE. Thus, early detection is critical for improving treatment outcomes; an urgent need to identify biomarkers that predict patients at risk for pneumonitis exists. Radiomics, an emerging field, is the automated extraction of high fidelity, high-dimensional imaging features from standard medical images and allows for comprehensive visualization and characterization of the tissue of interest and corresponding microenvironment. In this pilot study, we sought to determine whether radiomics has the potential to predict development of pneumonitis. We performed radiomic analyses using baseline chest computed tomography images of patients who did (N = 2) and did not (N = 30) develop immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis. We extracted 1860 radiomic features in each patient. Maximum relevance and minimum redundancy feature selection method, anomaly detection algorithm, and leave-one-out cross-validation identified radiomic features that were significantly different and predicted subsequent immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis (accuracy, 100% [p = 0.0033]). This study suggests that radiomic features can classify and predict those patients at baseline who will subsequently develop immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis, further enabling risk-stratification that will ultimately lead to better treatment outcomes.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Risk
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment
Treatment outcome
Early detection
Pilot Projects
Computed tomography
Article
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Radiomics
medicine
Humans
Immunologic Factors
Minimum redundancy feature selection
Pharmacology (medical)
Aged
Pneumonitis
Pharmacology
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Anomaly detection algorithm
Pneumonia
Immunotherapy
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Surgery
Treatment Outcome
030104 developmental biology
Oncology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
Radiology
business
Biomarkers
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15730646 and 01676997
- Volume :
- 36
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Investigational New Drugs
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f3a04a90c17c7367489fe75e892df451