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Effective Locations for Injecting Botulinum Toxin into the Mentalis Muscle; Cadaveric and Ultrasonographic Study
- Source :
- Toxins, Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 96, p 96 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- The mentalis muscle is now considered key structures when performing procedures for rejuvenating the lower face. The aim of this study was to determine the anatomical morphology and location of the mentalis muscle and thereby provide anatomical information for facilitating clinical procedures designed to rejuvenate the lower face. Forty-four adult hemifaces from five Thai cadavers and 21 Korean cadavers were dissected to identify the locations of the mentalis muscle. Sixty-six hemifaces from 33 healthy young Korean subjects were included in an ultrasonographic study. The depth of the mentalis muscle below the skin surface, the thickness of the mentalis muscle, and the distance from the bone to the mentalis muscle were measured at the two points that were 5 mm lateral to the most-prominent point of the chin. The mentalis muscle was classified into two types based to its shape: in type A (86.4%, 38 of the 44 cases) it was dome shaped in three dimensions, while in type B (13.6%, 6 of the 44 cases) it was flat. The mentalis muscle was present mostly at the area 5–10 mm from the midsagittal line and 20–30 mm from a horizontal line connecting the mouth corners. The mentalis muscle was present between depths of 6.7 to 10.7 mm below the skin. This new information about the location of the mentalis muscle may help when identifying the most effective and safe botulinum toxin injection points and depths during esthetic procedures for weakened facial rhytides on the lower face.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Botulinum Toxins
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Mentalis muscle
Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors
Lower face
lcsh:Medicine
Facial Muscles
Botulinum toxin injection
Toxicology
Injections, Intramuscular
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cadaver
Skin surface
medicine
Humans
botulinum toxin
Aged
Ultrasonography
Aged, 80 and over
business.industry
Dissection
lcsh:R
mentalis muscle
030206 dentistry
Anatomy
Middle Aged
Botulinum toxin
Chin
mental crease
medicine.anatomical_structure
facial rejuvenating
Female
Anatomic Landmarks
business
Cadaveric spasm
injection procedure
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
facial rhytides
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20726651
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxins
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....f2108720be11bf6819f893ed70868c02