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Post-partum depression: a cross-sectional study of women enrolled in a conditional cash transfer program in 30 Brazilian cities

Authors :
Marta Rovery de Souza
Ronaldo Souza da Silva
Cesar G. Victora
Eduardo Felipe Ohana
Maria Teresa Amaral Fontes
Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim
Eduardo Marino
Tiago N. Munhoz
Cauane Blumenberg
Hernane Guimarães dos Santos Júnior
Caroline Cardozo Bortolotto
Esmeralda Correa Macana
Letícia Marques dos Santos
Pedro Israel Cabral de Lira
Raquel Siqueira Barcelos
Iná S. Santos
Luciano Lima Correia
Alicia Matijasevich
Source :
Journal of Affective Disorders. 281:510-516
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2021.

Abstract

Investigate factors associated with symptoms of postpartum depression in mothers from families in social vulnerability.Information was used from the baseline of a randomized trial to assess a child development program that enrolled 3,242 children12 months of age from beneficiary families of the Bolsa Família Program residing in 30 municipalities (counties) in six states of Brazil. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was applied to the mothers, and depression was defined as score ≥10. Information on the mother (schooling, age, parity, marital status, skin color, smoking, number of prenatal appointments, and planning of the pregnancy), family (paternal schooling, household crowding, support from the child's father and the family during the pregnancy, and number of children under 7 years living in the household), and infant (sex, gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score, and child's age at the time of the interview) was collected. Prevalence rates for depressive symptoms were calculated with crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), using hierarchical logistic regression, in a multilevel model.The analysis included 3,174 mothers with information on EPDS. The interviews were conducted on average 7.9 months (standard deviation= 2.9) after childbirth. Overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 26.5% (25.0-28.1%). In the adjusted analysis, higher parity was associated with higher odds of postpartum depression (p0.001). Women with ≥3 previous deliveries showed an odds 84% higher of presenting depressive symptoms (OR= 1.84; 1.43-2.35) than primiparae. Higher maternal and paternal schooling, presence of husband or partner, and having received support from the child's father and the family during the pregnancy were protective factors against postpartum depression.The study showed high prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms. Promotion of parental education, alongside with the promotion of support to the woman during pregnancy by the child's father and by the family, as well as family planning leading to birth spacing are measures that may help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms.

Details

ISSN :
01650327
Volume :
281
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Affective Disorders
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....f1deb29abaadfe43fcc96050fc25491c
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.042