Automated Greulich–Pyle bone age determination in children with chronic kidney disease

Growth restriction and retarded bone age are common findings in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We compared the automated BoneXpert™ method with the manual assessment of an X-ray of the non-dominant hand. In this retrospective multicenter study, 359 patients with CKD stages 2–5, aged 2–14.5 (girls) or 2.5–17 years (boys) were included. Bone age was determined manually by three experts (according to Greulich and Pyle). Automated determination of bone age was performed using the image analysis software BoneXpert™. There was a strong correlation between the automatic and the manual method (r = 0.983, p