Consolidation outcomes in CPX-351 versus cytarabine/daunorubicin-treated older patients with high-risk/secondary acute myeloid leukemia

CPX-351 is a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine/daunorubicin. In a phase 3 study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01696084), patients aged 60-75 years with newly diagnosed, high-risk/secondary AML received 1-2 induction cycles with CPX-351 or 7 + 3 chemotherapy; those achieving complete remission (including with incomplete platelet or neutrophil recovery) could receive up to 2 consolidation cycles with CPX-351 or 5 + 2 chemotherapy, respectively. In this exploratory analysis of the subgroup of patients who received consolidation, median overall survival was prolonged among patients receiving CPX-351 induction/consolidation versus 7 + 3/5 + 2 (25.43 vs. 8.53 months; HR = 0.44 [95% CI: 0.25-0.77]). The safety profile of CPX-351 consolidation was consistent with that of the overall study. Outpatient administration of CPX-351 consolidation occurred in 51%-61% of patients and did not diminish overall survival. These findings suggest consolidation with CPX-351 in this patient population contributed to the prolonged overall survival versus 7 + 3/5 + 2, building upon findings from the overall study population, and provide evidence that, with careful monitoring, some patients can successfully receive CPX-351 as outpatients.