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Histopathological Analysis of Adrenal Glands after Simian Varicella Virus Infection
- Source :
- Viruses, Volume 13, Issue 7, Viruses, Vol 13, Iss 1245, p 1245 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) has been detected in human adrenal glands, raising the possibility of virus-induced adrenal damage and dysfunction during primary infection or reactivation. Rare cases of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and insufficiency associated with VZV reactivation have been reported. Since there is no animal model for VZV infection of adrenal glands, we obtained adrenal glands from two non-human primates (NHPs) that spontaneously developed varicella from primary simian varicella virus (SVV) infection, the NHP VZV homolog. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed SVV antigen and DNA in the adrenal medulla and cortex of both animals. Adrenal glands were observed to have Cowdry A inclusion bodies, cellular necrosis, multiple areas of hemorrhage, and varying amounts of polymorphonuclear cells. No specific association of SVV antigen with βIII-tubulin-positive nerve fibers was found. Overall, we found that SVV can productively infect NHP adrenal glands, and is associated with inflammation, hemorrhage, and cell death. These findings suggest that further studies are warranted to examine the contribution of VZV infection to human adrenal disease. This study also suggests that VZV infection may present itself as acute adrenal dysfunction with “long-hauler” symptoms of fatigue, weakness, myalgias/arthralgias, and hypotension.
- Subjects :
- Male
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Herpesvirus 3, Human
viruses
030231 tropical medicine
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
Simian varicella virus
Article
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
adrenal dysfunction
Antigen
Virology
Cortex (anatomy)
Medicine
Animals
varicella zoster virus
adrenal glands
biology
integumentary system
simian varicella virus
business.industry
Histological Techniques
Varicella zoster virus
virus diseases
Herpesviridae Infections
biology.organism_classification
QR1-502
Macaca fascicularis
Infectious Diseases
medicine.anatomical_structure
Immunohistochemistry
Female
Adrenal Hemorrhage
business
Adrenal medulla
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....efc1b4737076a0cfa59b4883a90af71e