How does the presence of urologic problems change the outcome of kidney transplantation in the pediatric age group

Purpose We retrospectively reviewed the impact of functional and anatomic urologic disorders on kidney transplantation outcomes in terms of the surgical and long-term results of pediatric renal transplantation. Materials and Methods Of the 55 kidney transplantations in the pediatric age group, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was secondary to genitourinary disorders in 23 patients (42%). The urologic abnormalities were vesicoureteral reflux in 13 patients (59%), neurogenic bladder in 4 patients (18%), posterior urethral valves in 3 patients (14%), renal stone disease in 4 patients (18%), bilateral ureterovesical junction obstruction in 3 patients (14%), and unilateral renal agenesis with concomitant contralateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 1 patient (4%). Results Of the 23 patients with urologic problems, 19 (83%) had functioning grafts with a mean follow-up of 49 months (range, 7–120 months). In the other 32 patients, 26 (81%) had functioning grafts with a mean follow-up of 43 months (range, 1–144 months). The graft survival, mean serum creatinine, and urinary tract infection rates of the patients did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions The presence of functional urologic disorders as the cause of ESRD did not seem to change the outcome of renal transplantation in terms of graft survival when compared with patients without any urologic disorders. Urinary tract infections seem to be a little more common and yet clinically not significant in those patients. Reflux does not always need to be corrected before transplantation, unless it is causing symptoms or infection.