Back to Search
Start Over
Coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. Results from the HARVEST
- Source :
- International journal of cardiology. 212
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background Controversy still exists about the long-term cardiovascular effects of coffee consumption in hypertension. Methods The predictive capacity of coffee use for cardiovascular events (CVEs) was investigated in 1204 participants from the HARVEST, a prospective cohort study of non-diabetic subjects aged 18–45years, screened for stage 1 hypertension. Subjects were grouped into three categories of coffee drinking, non-drinkers (none), moderate drinkers (1 to 3cups/day) and heavy drinkers (4or more cups/day). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were developed adjusting for possible confounding variables and risk factors. Results During a median follow-up of 12.6years, CVEs were developed by 60 participants. CVEs were more common among coffee drinkers than abstainers (abstainers, 2.2%; moderate drinkers, 7.0%; heavy drinkers, 14.0%; p for trend=0.0003). In a multivariable Cox regression model, coffee use was a significant predictor of CVE in both coffee categories, with a hazard ratio of 2.8 (95% CI, 1.0–7.9) in moderate coffee drinkers and of 4.5 (1.4–14.2) in heavy drinkers compared to abstainers. After inclusion of change in body weight (p=ns), incident hypertension (p=0.027) and presence of diabetes/prediabetes (p=ns) at follow-up end, the association with CVE was attenuated but remained significant in heavy coffee drinkers (HR, 95% CI, 3.4, 1.04–11.3). Conclusions These data show that coffee consumption increases the risk of CVE in a linear fashion in hypertension. This association may be explained in part by the association between coffee and development of hypertension. Hypertensive patients should be discouraged from drinking coffee.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Events
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Cardiovascular
Coffee
Cohort Studies
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Caffeine
Diabetes mellitus
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Prediabetes
Prospective Studies
Prospective cohort study
business.industry
Proportional hazards model
Confounding
Hazard ratio
Coffee, Caffeine, Cardiovascular, Events, Hypertension
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Surgery
Cardiovascular Diseases
Hypertension
Female
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Body mass index
Demography
Cohort study
Follow-Up Studies
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18741754
- Volume :
- 212
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International journal of cardiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ee31279b104a8cd033f6298ab0a61164