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Neural response to betel quid cues in chewers: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
- Source :
- Brain Imaging and Behavior. 13:1135-1145
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- The World Health Organization regards betel quid (BQ) as a human carcinogen. The current study analyzes whether the BQ cues can elicit activity in the chewers' craving-related brain areas. We adopted a cue-reactivity paradigm to examine the changes in the brain activities. The urge intensity was also included to examine whether it can moderate the brain areas stimulated by BQ cues. Sixteen male BQ chewers and 16 healthy male controls were recruited and analyzed. Four types of cues were adopted: BQ cues, matched food cues, visual control cues, and resting crosshair cued. The most direct and important comparison was between the brain activities elicited by the BQ cues versus those by the food cues. Furthermore, to test the current urge intensity effect, we compared BQ chewers with a strong urge versus those with a weak urge. All of the three-dimension anatomical and multi-slice task-based functional images were acquired using 3 T MRI. We found that (1) the BQ chewers and the healthy controls had similar brain activation patterns when comparing any two cue types, (2) the high-urge (not the low-urge) chewers showed craving-related activations (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex, medial orbitofrontal gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus) in the critical BQ cues vs. the food cue comparisons. (3) The high-urge chewers had larger contrast activations (BQ - Food) in many craving-related brain areas than low-urge chewers did (e.g., frontal gyrus). The urge states endorsed by the chewers can moderate the neural responses to BQ cues. Multisensory cues should be considered to elicit more intense and consistent cravings.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Cognitive Neuroscience
Prefrontal Cortex
Craving
Audiology
Gyrus Cinguli
050105 experimental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Areca
Anterior cingulate cortex
Cerebral Cortex
Cued speech
Brain Mapping
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
05 social sciences
Neuropsychology
Brain
Frontal gyrus
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Frontal Lobe
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Neurology
Superior frontal gyrus
Mastication
Neurology (clinical)
Cues
medicine.symptom
Betel quid
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19317565 and 19317557
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Imaging and Behavior
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ed4eeaf27ae15a3499fc0a808b44c27b
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-018-9933-x