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Neutrophil calprotectin identifies severe pulmonary disease in COVID-19
- Source :
- medRxiv, J Leukoc Biol, Journal of Leukocyte Biology
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are regularly complicated by respiratory failure. Although it has been suggested that elevated levels of blood neutrophils associate with worsening oxygenation in COVID-19, it is unknown whether neutrophils are drivers of the thrombo-inflammatory storm or simple bystanders. To better understand the potential role of neutrophils in COVID-19, we measured levels of the neutrophil activation marker S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) in hospitalized patients and determined its relationship to severity of illness and respiratory status. Patients with COVID-19 (n = 172) had markedly elevated levels of calprotectin in their blood. Calprotectin tracked with other acute phase reactants including C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and absolute neutrophil count, but was superior in identifying patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In longitudinal samples, calprotectin rose as oxygenation worsened. When tested on day 1 or 2 of hospitalization (n = 94 patients), calprotectin levels were significantly higher in patients who progressed to severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (8039 ± 7031 ng/ml, n = 32) as compared to those who remained free of intubation (3365 ± 3146, P < 0.0001). In summary, serum calprotectin levels track closely with current and future COVID-19 severity, implicating neutrophils as potential perpetuators of inflammation and respiratory compromise in COVID-19.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Time Factors
Neutrophils
medicine.medical_treatment
Immunology
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Biology
Severity of Illness Index
Gastroenterology
Article
Neutrophil Activation
S100A8
03 medical and health sciences
fluids and secretions
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
Severity of illness
medicine
Calgranulin B
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Calgranulin A
Respiratory system
030304 developmental biology
Mechanical ventilation
0303 health sciences
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
Acute-phase protein
COVID-19
Cell Biology
Neutrophil extracellular traps
Middle Aged
3. Good health
Hospitalization
030104 developmental biology
Respiratory failure
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Absolute neutrophil count
Female
Calprotectin
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19383673 and 07415400
- Volume :
- 109
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Leukocyte Biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ecea4c9ee4f6724e6a6e8cb37cf170b5