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Differential effects of coconut versus soy oil on gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic function in adult mice
- Source :
- BMC Genomics, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2018), BMC Genomics
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Background Animal studies show that high fat (HF) diet-induced gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity. Oil composition of high-fat diet affects metabolic inflammation differently with deleterious effects by saturated fat. The aim of the present study was to examine the diversity and metabolic capacity of the cecal bacterial community in C57BL/6 N mice administered two different diets, enriched respectively with coconut oil (HFC, high in saturated fat) or soy oil (HFS, high in polyunsaturated fat). The relative impact of each hypercaloric diet was evaluated after 2 and 8 weeks of feeding, and compared with that of a low-fat, control diet (LF). Results The HFC diet induced the same body weight gain and fat storage as the HFS diet, but produced higher plasma cholesterol levels after 8 weeks of treatment. At the same time point, the cecal microbiota of HFC diet-fed mice was characterized by an increased relative abundance of Allobaculum, Anaerofustis, F16, Lactobacillus reuteri and Deltaproteobacteria, and a decreased relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila compared to HFS mice. Comparison of cecal microbiota of high-fat fed mice versus control mice indicated major changes that were shared between the HFC and the HFS diet, including the increase in Lactobacillus plantarum, Lutispora, and Syntrophomonas, while some other shifts were specifically associated to either coconut or soy oil. Prediction of bacterial gene functions showed that the cecal microbiota of HFC mice was depleted of pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotic degradation and metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides compared to mice on HFS diet. Correlation analysis revealed remarkable relationships between compositional changes in the cecal microbiota and alterations in the metabolic and transcriptomic phenotypes of high-fat fed mice. Conclusions The study highlights significant differences in cecal microbiota composition and predictive functions of mice consuming a diet enriched in coconut vs soy oil. The correlations established between specific bacterial taxa and various traits linked to host lipid metabolism and energy storage give insights into the role and functioning of the gut microbiota that may contribute to diet-induced metabolic disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5202-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Cocos
0301 basic medicine
food.ingredient
Mouse
lcsh:QH426-470
Saturated fat
lcsh:Biotechnology
030106 microbiology
Adipose tissue
Biology
Gut flora
Diet, High-Fat
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Polyunsaturated fat
food
16S rDNA
lcsh:TP248.13-248.65
Genetics
Animals
Food science
Obesity
High-fat diet
Illumina sequencing
Microbiota
Real-time PCR
Biotechnology
Cecum
Inflammation
Settore AGR/18 - NUTRIZIONE E ALIMENTAZIONE ANIMALE
Fatty acid metabolism
Coconut oil
Lipid metabolism
Lipid Metabolism
biology.organism_classification
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Soybean Oil
Lactobacillus reuteri
Mice, Inbred C57BL
lcsh:Genetics
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Settore AGR/16 - MICROBIOLOGIA AGRARIA
Female
Akkermansia muciniphila
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14712164
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BMC Genomics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ebe60fc2d7d655cd04ffcae731041022