Two-stage surgery for extra pelvic intravenous leiomyomatosis: report of a case

WOS: 000478163600001
PubMed: 31352843
Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a variant of leiomyoma characterised by intravascular proliferation and originates from the uterine mesoderm. The main pathogenesis of IVL has not been exactly assessed, yet (Xu et al. 2013; Li et al. 2014). There are two main theories; the first one is: a tumour arises from the walls of venous structures and the second one is: a primary tumour (e.g. myoma) directly spreads into adjacent small venouses (Moniaga and Randall 2012). The early studies have reported an incidence of 0.25–0.41% of IVL in patients with uterine fibroid tumours (Ma et al. 2016; Low et al. 2017). Here, we presented a case suspected of IVL during the operation; although it was reported as uterine sarcoma and vena cava inferior thrombus on radiological imaging methods, pre-operation.