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Regulation of placentation by the transforming growth factor beta superfamily†
- Source :
- Biology of reproduction. 102(1)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- During pregnancy, there is increased expression of some cytokines at the fetal–maternal interface; and the clarification of their roles in trophoblast–endometrium interactions is crucial to understanding the mechanism of placentation. This review addresses the up-to-date reported mechanisms by which the members of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily regulate trophoblast proliferation, differentiation, and invasion of the decidua, which are the main phases of placentation. The available information shows that these cytokines regulate placentation in somehow a synergistic and an antagonistic manner; and that dysregulation of their levels can lead to aberrant placentation. Nevertheless, prospective studies are needed to reconcile some conflicting reports; and identify some unknown mediators involved in the actions of these cytokines before their detailed mechanistic regulation of human placentation could be fully characterized. The TGF beta superfamily are expressed in the placenta, and regulate the process of placentation through the activation of several signaling pathways.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Placenta
Biology
03 medical and health sciences
Endometrium
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Transforming Growth Factor beta
medicine
Animals
Humans
030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine
Decidua
Trophoblast
Transforming growth factor beta superfamily
Placentation
Cell Biology
General Medicine
Cell biology
Trophoblasts
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Reproductive Medicine
Cytokines
Female
Signal transduction
NODAL
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15297268
- Volume :
- 102
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biology of reproduction
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....eb89644881c2b330461470b376ad052f