Updated Trends in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in the United States with an Additional Focus on Adolescent and Young Adult Transplantation Activity and Outcomes

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has been successfully utilized as treatment for many malignant and non-malignant conditions. As supportive care, donor selection, and treatment modalities evolve, documenting HCT trends and outcomes is critical. This report from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) provides an update to current transplantation activity and survival rates in the United States. Additional data on the use and outcomes of HCT in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population are included. AYA patients more frequently receive peripheral blood stem cell grafts than pediatric patients, which may reflect differences in practice in pediatric vs adult treatment centers. The proportions of donor types also differ from adult and pediatric populations. Outcomes for patients in the AYA age range are similar to pediatric patients for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but worse than pediatric patients for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Outcomes for both leukemias are better in AYA patients than in older adults. When comparing the time period of 2000–2009 to 2010–2019, improvements in overall survival were significant across the age spectrum, but greatest in the AYA age group.