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Evaluation of external contamination on the vial surfaces of some hazardous drugs that commonly used in Chinese hospitals and comparison between environmental contamination generated during robotic compounding by IV: Dispensing robot vs. manual compounding in biological safety cabinet
- Source :
- Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice. 28:1487-1498
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- SAGE Publications, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Objectives The aims of the study were to evaluate the external contamination of hazardous drug vials used in Chinese hospitals and to compare environmental contamination generated by a robotic intelligent dispensing system (WEINAS) and a manual compounding procedure using a biological safety cabinet (BSC). Methods Cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and gemcitabine were selected as the representative hazardous drugs to monitor surface contamination of vials. In the comparative analysis of environmental contamination from manual and robotic compounding, wipe samples were taken from infusion bags, gloves, and the different locations of the BSC and the WEINAS robotic system. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with double mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS) was employed for sample analysis. Results (1) External contamination was measured on vials of all three hazardous drugs. The contamination detected on fluorouracil vials was the highest with an average amount up to 904.33 ng/vial, followed by cyclophosphamide (43.51 ng/vial), and gemcitabine (unprotected vials of 5.92 ng/vial, protected vials of 0.66 ng/vial); (2) overall, the environmental contamination induced by WEINAS robotic compounding was significantly reduced compared to that by manual compounding inside the BSC. Particularly, compared with manual compounding, the surface contamination on the infusion bags during robotic compounding was nearly nine times lower for cyclophosphamide (10.62 ng/cm2 vs 90.43 ng/cm2), two times lower for fluorouracil (3.47 vs 7.52 ng/cm2), and more than 23 times lower for gemcitabine (2.61 ng/cm2 vs 62.28 ng/cm2). Conclusions The external contamination occurred extensively on some hazardous drug vials that commonly used in Chinese hospitals. Comparison analysis for both compounding procedures revealed that robotic compounding can remarkably reduce environmental contamination.
- Subjects :
- China
Drug Contamination
Drug Compounding
Antineoplastic Agents
Vial
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Robotic Surgical Procedures
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Hazardous waste
Occupational Exposure
medicine
Humans
Pharmacology (medical)
Cyclophosphamide
Waste management
business.industry
Hazardous drugs
Robotics
Contamination
030210 environmental & occupational health
Hospitals
Biological safety
Robotic systems
Oncology
Compounding
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Equipment Contamination
Fluorouracil
business
Environmental Monitoring
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1477092X and 10781552
- Volume :
- 28
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ea692c429040935f7a8cf2cf56920eb0