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Sulfation pathways from red to green
- Source :
- The Journal of biological chemistry. 294(33)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Sulfur is present in the amino acids cysteine and methionine and in a large range of essential coenzymes and cofactors and is therefore essential for all organisms. It is also a constituent of sulfate esters in proteins, carbohydrates, and numerous cellular metabolites. The sulfation and desulfation reactions modifying a variety of different substrates are commonly known as sulfation pathways. Although relatively little is known about the function of most sulfated metabolites, the synthesis of activated sulfate used in sulfation pathways is essential in both animal and plant kingdoms. In humans, mutations in the genes encoding the sulfation pathway enzymes underlie a number of developmental aberrations, and in flies and worms, their loss-of-function is fatal. In plants, a lower capacity for synthesizing activated sulfate for sulfation reactions results in dwarfism, and a complete loss of activated sulfate synthesis is also lethal. Here, we review the similarities and differences in sulfation pathways and associated processes in animals and plants, and we point out how they diverge from bacteria and yeast. We highlight the open questions concerning localization, regulation, and importance of sulfation pathways in both kingdoms and the ways in which findings from these "red" and "green" experimental systems may help reciprocally address questions specific to each of the systems.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
chemistry.chemical_classification
Sulfotransferase
Methionine
030102 biochemistry & molecular biology
Sulfates
JBC Reviews
Cell Biology
Plants
Biochemistry
Amino acid
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
030104 developmental biology
Enzyme
Sulfation
chemistry
Animals
Humans
Secondary metabolism
Molecular Biology
Function (biology)
Sulfur
Cysteine
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1083351X
- Volume :
- 294
- Issue :
- 33
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of biological chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ea48cb5a5ea17c0f37583dd54ab1424b