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Population-based incidence, seasonality and serotype distribution of invasive salmonellosis among children in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 7, p e0178577 (2017), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Background Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Salmonella Typhi and invasive non-Typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) frequently affect children living in rural sub-Saharan Africa but data about incidence and serotype distribution are rare. Objective The present study assessed the population-based incidence of Salmonella BSI and severe malaria in a Health and Demographic Surveillance System in a rural area with seasonal malaria transmission in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. Methods Children between 2 months—15 years old with severe febrile illness were enrolled during a one-year surveillance period (May 2013—May 2014). Thick blood films and blood cultures were sampled and processed upon admission. Population-based incidences were corrected for non-referral, health seeking behavior, non-inclusion and blood culture sensitivity. Adjusted incidence rates were expressed per 100,000 person-years of observations (PYO). Results Among children < 5 years old, incidence rates for iNTS, Salmonella Typhi and severe malaria per 100,000 PYO were 4,138 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 3,740–4,572), 224 (95% CI: 138–340) and 2,866 (95% CI: 2,538–3,233) respectively. Among those aged 5–15 years, corresponding incidence rates were 25 (95% CI: 8–60), 273 (95% CI: 203–355) and 135 (95% CI: 87–195) respectively. Most iNTS occurred during the peak of the rainy season and in parallel with the increase of Plasmodium falciparum malaria; for Salmonella Typhi no clear seasonal pattern was observed. Salmonella Typhi and iNTS accounted for 13.3% and 55.8% of all 118 BSI episodes; 71.6% of iNTS (48/67) isolates were Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and 25.4% (17/67) Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis; there was no apparent geographical clustering. Conclusion The present findings from rural West-Africa confirm high incidences of Salmonella Typhi and iNTS, the latter with a seasonal and Plasmodium falciparum-related pattern. It urges prioritization of the development and implementation of Salmonella Typhi as well as iNTS vaccines in this setting.
- Subjects :
- Male
Bacterial Diseases
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine
Salmonella
Salmonellosis
Physiology
Prevalence
lcsh:Medicine
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Salmonella typhi
medicine.disease_cause
Salmonella Typhi
Geographical locations
0302 clinical medicine
Catchment Area, Health
Medicine and Health Sciences
Blood culture
030212 general & internal medicine
Child
lcsh:Science
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
Geography
medicine.diagnostic_test
biology
Incidence
Incidence (epidemiology)
Bacterial Pathogens
Body Fluids
Infectious Diseases
Blood
Medical Microbiology
Salmonella enterica
Child, Preschool
Salmonella Infections
Salmonella Typhimurium
Female
Seasons
Pathogens
Anatomy
Research Article
030106 microbiology
Population
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
Enterobacteriaceae
Burkina Faso
parasitic diseases
Parasitic Diseases
medicine
Humans
Serotyping
education
Microbial Pathogens
Demography
Bacteria
business.industry
lcsh:R
Organisms
Infant
Biology and Life Sciences
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Malaria
Age Groups
Africa
Immunology
Population Groupings
lcsh:Q
People and places
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ea43fe5ba2b49eedd0fec5853560c68d