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Cutaneous HPV and skin cancer
- Source :
- La Presse Médicale. 43:e435-e443
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small non-enveloped icosahedral viruses that infect the keratinocytes of skin and mucosa. The cutaneous HPV types are represented mainly by the beta and gamma genera, which are widely present in the skin of normal individuals. More than 40 beta-HPV types and 50 gamma-HPV types have been isolated, and these numbers are continuously growing. The main cause of non-melanoma skin cancer is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, cutaneous HPVs that belong to the beta genus may act as a co-carcinogen with UVR. The association between beta-HPVs and skin cancer was first reported in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), who frequently develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on sun-exposed areas. Isolation of HPVs from the lesions suggested that HPVs might act as a co-carcinogen with UVR in EV patients. Beta-HPVs may also play a role in cutaneous SCC in immunocompromised non-EV and in immunocompetent individuals. Several studies have reported an association of viral DNA and/or antibodies to beta HPV types with SCC. Interestingly, HPV prevalence and viral load decrease during skin carcinogenesis, being significantly higher in actinic keratosis than in SCC, suggesting that the virus may play a role in the early stages of tumour development (the "hit-and-run" hypothesis). Concordantly, in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that E6 and E7 from certain cutaneous HPV types display transforming activities, further confirming their potential role in carcinogenesis.
- Subjects :
- Skin Neoplasms
Ultraviolet Rays
viruses
medicine.disease_cause
Virus
Immunocompromised Host
medicine
Humans
Papillomaviridae
integumentary system
biology
business.industry
Papillomavirus Infections
Actinic keratosis
virus diseases
General Medicine
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis
Cell Transformation, Viral
medicine.disease
female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
In vitro
Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis
Skin Diseases, Viral
Immunology
biology.protein
Skin cancer
Antibody
Carcinogenesis
business
Viral load
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 07554982
- Volume :
- 43
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- La Presse Médicale
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e933248f042774791756a65639f1d134