Système ville et système de villes : modèles dynamiques en archéologie et en géographie

The systemic approach has proven fruitful in both archeaology and geography to study objects of different scales. Indeed, a city can be considered as a system in itself or as part of a system of cities. However, this systemic approach of intra- and inter-urban space is understood differently in geography and archeaology: different temporalities involve different perspectives on sustainability and transitions from one system to another. Based on collaboration between the two disciplines, we review the approaches and models used by each of them individually and together to study the dynamics of urban space. In geography it means adapting concepts of spatial analysis to take into account large time spans where semantic changes may operate in the entities under study. For the historical sciences, the issues concern the appropriation of space taking a modeling approach in order to shift from the recording of elements of historical topography in space and time as simple supports to the study of spatial transformations and temporal trajectories.