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In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt: A driving force for explosive eruptions
- Source :
- Science Advances, Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2020, 6 (39), pp.eabb0413. ⟨10.1126/sciadv.abb0413⟩, Di Genova, D, Brooker, R A, Mader, H M, Drewitt, J W E, Longo, A, Deubener, J, Neuville, D R, Fanara, S, Shebanova, O, Anzellini, S, Arzilli, F, Bamber, E C, Hennet, L, La Spina, G & Miyajima, N 2020, ' In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt : A driving force for explosive eruptions ', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 39, eabb0413 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0413, Di Genova, D, Brooker, R A, Mader, H M, Drewitt, J W E, Longo, A, Deubener, J, Neuville, D R, Fanara, S, Shebanova, O, Anzellini, S, Arzilli, F, Bamber, E C, Hennet, L, La Spina, G & Miyajima, N 2020, ' In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt : a driving force for explosive eruptions ', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 39, eabb0413 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0413, 'Science Advances ', vol: 6, pages: eabb0413-1-eabb0413-14 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2020.
-
Abstract
- This study shows how a few nanometer-sized crystals markedly increase the viscosity of a magma leading to explosive eruptions.<br />Although gas exsolution is a major driving force behind explosive volcanic eruptions, viscosity is critical in controlling the escape of bubbles and switching between explosive and effusive behavior. Temperature and composition control melt viscosity, but crystallization above a critical volume (>30 volume %) can lock up the magma, triggering an explosion. Here, we present an alternative to this well-established paradigm by showing how an unexpectedly small volume of nano-sized crystals can cause a disproportionate increase in magma viscosity. Our in situ observations on a basaltic melt, rheological measurements in an analog system, and modeling demonstrate how just a few volume % of nanolites results in a marked increase in viscosity above the critical value needed for explosive fragmentation, even for a low-viscosity melt. Images of nanolites from low-viscosity explosive eruptions and an experimentally produced basaltic pumice show syn-eruptive growth, possibly nucleating a high bubble number density.
- Subjects :
- Materials science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Explosive material
Bubble
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
law.invention
law
Pumice
ddc:550
[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology
Crystallization
Petrology
General
Research Articles
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
geography
Multidisciplinary
Number density
geography.geographical_feature_category
Explosive eruption
article
SciAdv r-articles
Geology
Critical value
Volcano
13. Climate action
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23752548
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Science Advances, Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2020, 6 (39), pp.eabb0413. ⟨10.1126/sciadv.abb0413⟩, Di Genova, D, Brooker, R A, Mader, H M, Drewitt, J W E, Longo, A, Deubener, J, Neuville, D R, Fanara, S, Shebanova, O, Anzellini, S, Arzilli, F, Bamber, E C, Hennet, L, La Spina, G & Miyajima, N 2020, ' In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt : A driving force for explosive eruptions ', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 39, eabb0413 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0413, Di Genova, D, Brooker, R A, Mader, H M, Drewitt, J W E, Longo, A, Deubener, J, Neuville, D R, Fanara, S, Shebanova, O, Anzellini, S, Arzilli, F, Bamber, E C, Hennet, L, La Spina, G & Miyajima, N 2020, ' In situ observation of nanolite growth in volcanic melt : a driving force for explosive eruptions ', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 39, eabb0413 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0413, 'Science Advances ', vol: 6, pages: eabb0413-1-eabb0413-14 (2020)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e8fe2813b83ef891b5cddf863f815442