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MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF GPCRS: Kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptors
- Source :
- Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, BioScientifica, 2014, 52 (3), pp.T101-T117. ⟨10.1530/JME-13-0224⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Bioscientifica, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Following the discovery of kisspeptin (Kiss) and its receptor (GPR54 or KissR) in mammals, phylogenetic studies revealed up to three Kiss and four KissR paralogous genes in other vertebrates. The multiplicity of Kiss and KissR types in vertebrates probably originated from the two rounds of whole-genome duplication (1R and 2R) that occurred in early vertebrates. This review examines compelling recent advances on molecular diversity and phylogenetic evolution of vertebrate Kiss and KissR. It also addresses, from an evolutionary point of view, the issues of the structure–activity relationships and interaction of Kiss with KissR and of their signaling pathways. Independent gene losses, during vertebrate evolution, have shaped the repertoire ofKissandKissRin the extant vertebrate species. In particular, there is no conserved combination of a givenKisstype with aKissRtype, across vertebrate evolution. The striking conservation of the biologically active ten-amino-acid C-terminal sequence of all vertebrate kisspeptins, probably allowed this evolutionary flexibility of Kiss/KissR pairs. KissR mutations, responsible for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in humans, mostly occurred at highly conserved amino acid positions among vertebrate KissR. This further highlights the key role of these amino acids in KissR function. In contrast, less conserved KissR regions, notably in the intracellular C-terminal domain, may account for differential intracellular signaling pathways between vertebrate KissR. Cross talk between evolutionary and biomedical studies should contribute to further understanding of the Kiss/KissR structure–activity relationships and biological functions.
- Subjects :
- MESH: Signal Transduction
receptor
MESH: Amino Acid Sequence
MESH: Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Bioinformatics
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
MESH: Structure-Activity Relationship
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
Kisspeptin
Gene Duplication
Gene duplication
MESH: Animals
MESH: Genetic Variation
Neoplasm Metastasis
MESH: Evolution, Molecular
Conserved Sequence
Kisspeptins
0303 health sciences
MESH: Conserved Sequence
MESH: Kisspeptins
biology
Phylogenetic tree
MESH: Gene Duplication
Vertebrate
MESH: Receptors, Kisspeptin-1
Biological Evolution
Signal Transduction
endocrine system
MESH: Biological Evolution
kisspeptin
Evolution, Molecular
Structure-Activity Relationship
03 medical and health sciences
Molecular evolution
biology.animal
evolution
Animals
Humans
[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Amino Acid Sequence
Molecular Biology
Gene
030304 developmental biology
MESH: Humans
Genetic Variation
MESH: Neoplasm Metastasis
Evolutionary biology
vertebrates
human activities
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Function (biology)
Receptors, Kisspeptin-1
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14796813 and 09525041
- Volume :
- 52
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e8e63053f88e7b6faecd7ba69383cced