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Residual activity and integrity of PermaNet((R)) 2.0 after 24 months of household use in a community randomised trial of long lasting insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends several brands of long lasting insecticidal net (LN) for protection against insect vectors but also advises national programmes to monitor and evaluate performance under local conditions to help them select the most suitable LN for their setting. During the course of a community randomised trial of LNs against visceral leishmaniasis in northern India and Nepal, opportunity arose to assess the efficacy of PermaNet 2.0 (Vestergaard-Frandsen, Denmark) after two years of use against sandfly vectors. Between 63% (India) and 78% (Nepal) of LNs became holed over the course of two years, deltamethrin residues fell from 55 mg/m(2) to an average of 11.6 mg/m(2) (India) and 27.9 mg/m(2) (Nepal), but on the basis of bioassay criteria all LNs tested still met the WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme standard for LN effectiveness. Nets had on average only been washed 2.5 times (India) and 0.6 times (Nepal) by householders over the course of two years. The loss of insecticide was attributed to factors which had little or nothing to do with washing, such as handling, friction and torsion during daily use. Under conditions pertaining in this region of south Asia, and for two years at least, this brand of net continues to meet the criteria established by WHO for LNs.
- Subjects :
- Male
Insecticides
Toxicology
chemistry.chemical_compound
Environmental protection
Pyrethrins
Medicine
Community Health Services
Leishmaniasis
Visceral
Family Characteristics
biology
General Medicine
Protozoal diseases
Vectors
Households
Infectious Diseases
Long-lasting nets
Randomized controlled trials
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
Prevention strategies
Female
Asia, South
Kala azar
Long lasting
South asia
Efficacy
India
Insect Control
World health
Sandflies
Nepal
Nitriles
Residual activity
Animals
Humans
Insecticide-Treated Bednets
Laundering
business.industry
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Sandfly
Insect Vectors
Deltamethrin
Visceral leishmaniasis
chemistry
Phlebotomus argentipes
Parasitology
business
Biomarkers
Biological availability
Leishmania donovani
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e89cff7883dca9afc57ef2259613b0cf
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.10.014