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Nitro- and oxy-PAHs in grassland soils from decade-long sampling in central Europe
- Source :
- ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Long-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated (NPAHs) and oxygenated (OPAHs) derivatives can cause adverse health effects due to their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and oxidative potential. The distribution of PAH derivatives in the terrestrial environment has hardly been studied, although several PAH derivatives are ubiquitous in air and long-lived in soil and water. We report the multi-annual variations in the concentrations of NPAHs, OPAHs and PAHs in soils sampled at a semi-urban (Mokrá, Czech Republic) and a regional background site (Košetice, Czech Republic) in central Europe. The concentrations of the Σ18NPAHs and the Σ11+2OPAHs and O-heterocycles were 0.31 ± 0.23 ng g−1 and 4.03 ± 3.03 ng g−1, respectively, in Košetice, while slightly higher concentrations of 0.54 ± 0.45 ng g−1 and 5.91 ± 0.45 ng g−1, respectively, were found in soil from Mokrá. Among the 5 NPAHs found in the soils, 1-nitropyrene and less so 6-nitrobenzo(a)pyrene were most abundant. The OPAHs were more evenly distributed. The ratios of the PAH derivatives to their parent PAHs in Košetice indicate that they were long-range transported to the background site. Our results show that several NPAHs and OPAHs are abundant in soil and that gas-particle partitioning is a major factor influencing the concentration of several semi-volatile NPAHs and OPAHs in the soils. Complete understanding of the long-term variations of NPAH and OPAH concentrations in soil is limited by the lack of kinetic data describing their formation and degradation.
- Subjects :
- Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Grassland
chemistry.chemical_compound
Soil
Geochemistry and Petrology
Adverse health effect
Environmental Chemistry
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
General Environmental Science
Water Science and Technology
geography
Air Pollutants
geography.geographical_feature_category
Nitrates
Opah
biology
SOIL EXPOSURE
Polycyclic aromatic compounds
soil pollution
Nitrated PAHs
Soil exposure
Background
Temporal variation
General Medicine
15. Life on land
biology.organism_classification
chemistry
Environmental chemistry
Soil water
Nitro
Pyrene
Terrestrial ecosystem
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15732983
- Volume :
- 44
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental geochemistry and health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e5d8c45fdf92b810e756430f0e923db3