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Nanotheranostic agents for neurodegenerative diseases
- Source :
- Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Portland Press Ltd., 2020.
-
Abstract
- Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), affect the ageing population worldwide and while severely impairing the quality of life of millions, they also cause a massive economic burden to countries with progressively ageing populations. Parallel with the search for biomarkers for early detection and prediction, the pursuit for therapeutic approaches has become growingly intensive in recent years. Various prospective therapeutic approaches have been explored with an emphasis on early prevention and protection, including, but not limited to, gene therapy, stem cell therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Many pharmacological interventions have proved to be promising novel avenues, but successful applications are often hampered by the poor delivery of the therapeutics across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). To overcome this challenge, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery has been considered as a promising option, as NP-based drug delivery systems can be functionalized to target specific cell surface receptors and to achieve controlled and long-term release of therapeutics to the target tissue. The usefulness of NPs for loading and delivering of drugs has been extensively studied in the context of NDDs, and their biological efficacy has been demonstrated in numerous preclinical animal models. Efforts have also been made towards the development of NPs which can be used for targeting the BBB and various cell types in the brain. The main focus of this review is to briefly discuss the advantages of functionalized NPs as promising theranostic agents for the diagnosis and therapy of NDDs. We also summarize the results of diverse studies that specifically investigated the usage of different NPs for the treatment of NDDs, with a specific emphasis on AD and PD, and the associated pathophysiological changes. Finally, we offer perspectives on the existing challenges of using NPs as theranostic agents and possible futuristic approaches to improve them.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_treatment
Genetic enhancement
Early detection
Context (language use)
02 engineering and technology
Disease
Bioinformatics
Theranostic Nanomedicine
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
03 medical and health sciences
Drug Delivery Systems
Animals
Medicine
030304 developmental biology
Cell specific
0303 health sciences
business.industry
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Stem-cell therapy
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
3. Good health
Pharmacological interventions
Drug delivery
Quality of Life
Nanoparticles
0210 nano-technology
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23978562 and 23978554
- Volume :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e325d39940d0e9f5a29a4843ee62a1f6