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Review: Translational GTPases
- Source :
- Biopolymers
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Translational GTPases (trGTPases) play key roles in facilitating protein synthesis on the ribosome. Despite the high degree of evolutionary conservation in the sequences of their GTP‐binding domains, the rates of GTP hydrolysis and nucleotide exchange vary broadly between different trGTPases. EF‐Tu, one of the best‐characterized model G proteins, evolved an exceptionally rapid and tightly regulated GTPase activity, which ensures rapid and accurate incorporation of amino acids into the nascent chain. Other trGTPases instead use the energy of GTP hydrolysis to promote movement or to ensure the forward commitment of translation reactions. Recent data suggest the GTPase mechanism of EF‐Tu and provide an insight in the catalysis of GTP hydrolysis by its unusual activator, the ribosome. Here we summarize these advances in understanding the functional cycle and the regulation of trGTPases, stimulated by the elucidation of their structures on the ribosome and the progress in dissecting the reaction mechanism of GTPases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 105: 463–475, 2016.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
decoding
G protein
Biophysics
translation
GTPase
Peptide Elongation Factor Tu
Guanosine triphosphate
Biochemistry
Ribosome
Catalysis
Article
Biomaterials
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
GTP-binding protein regulators
EF‐Tu
Protein biosynthesis
Animals
Humans
tRNA
Chemistry
Hydrolysis
Organic Chemistry
Articles
GTP hydrolysis
General Medicine
Cell biology
030104 developmental biology
ribosome
Protein Biosynthesis
Transfer RNA
Guanosine Triphosphate
Ribosomes
EF-Tu
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10970282 and 00063525
- Volume :
- 105
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biopolymers
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e322a240ddf0ab9918be434872417cb2