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CMV Infection in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Prevention and Treatment Strategies
- Source :
- Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Purpose of Review Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). New strategies and methods for prevention and management of CMV infection are urgently needed. We aim to review the new developments in diagnostics, prevention, and management strategies of CMV infection in Allo-HSCT recipients. Recent Findings The approval of the novel anti-CMV drug letermovir in 2017 has led to an increase in the use of antiviral prophylaxis as a preferred approach for prevention in many centers. Real-world studies have shown efficacy similar to the clinical trial. CMV-specific T cell-mediated immunity assays identify patients with immune reconstitution and predict disease progression. Phase 2 trials of maribavir have shown its efficacy as preemptive therapy and treatment of resistant and refractory CMV infections. Adoptive T cell therapy is an emerging option for treatment of refractory and resistant CMV. Of the different CMV vaccine trials, PepVax has shown promising results in a phase 1 trial. Summary CMV cell-mediated immunity assays have potential to be used as an adjunctive test to develop individualized management plan by identifying the patients who develop immune reconstitution; however, further prospective interventional studies are needed. Maribavir and adoptive T cell therapy are promising new therapies for treatment of CMV infections. CMV vaccine trials for prevention are also under way.
- Subjects :
- Cultural Studies
Oncology
Linguistics and Language
History
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment
T cell
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
medicine.disease_cause
Language and Linguistics
Letermovir
Immune system
Immunity
Internal medicine
medicine
Transplant/Immunocompromised Hosts (M Morales, Section Editor)
business.industry
virus diseases
Maribavir
Cytomegalovirus
Clinical trial
medicine.anatomical_structure
Anthropology
business
CMV infection
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15346250
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e284bb7237276705d73c9b79aa5c54fd