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Impaired sensorimotor gating of the acoustic startle response in the prodrome of schizophrenia
- Source :
- European Psychiatry. 23:S70
- Publication Year :
- 2008
- Publisher :
- Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2008.
-
Abstract
- Background Schizophrenia patients exhibit impairment in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR), which is commonly interpreted as a sensorimotor gating deficit. To date, it is unclear when these gating deficits arise. Results of animal studies and some human data suggest that PPI deficits are in part genetically determined, such that gating deficits could be present before the onset of a full-blown psychosis. To test this assumption, we investigated PPI of ASR in individuals with prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia and patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Methods Startle reactivity, habituation, and PPI of ASR, as well as a neuropsychological test battery, were assessed in 54 subjects with prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia (35 early and 19 late prodromal subjects), 31 first-episode schizophrenia patients (14 unmedicated, 17 medicated), and 28 healthy control subjects. Patients were also examined with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Results Prodromal subjects and unmedicated patients with first-episode schizophrenia showed significant PPI deficits, whereas schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone had almost normal PPI. Startle reactivity decreased with greater severity of symptoms (control subjects, early prodromal group > late prodromal group > unmedicated first-episode patients) but was almost normal in the medicated patients. With respect to habituation, prodromal subjects and schizophrenia patients did not differ from healthy control subjects. Conclusions PPI disruption is already present in a prodromal state of schizophrenia, but startle reactivity deficits seem to emerge with the onset of acute psychosis.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Reflex, Startle
Startle response
Psychosis
medicine.medical_specialty
610 Medicine & health
Neuropsychological Tests
Audiology
Prodrome
Young Adult
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
Psychiatry
Habituation, Psychophysiologic
Biological Psychiatry
Gait Disorders, Neurologic
Prepulse inhibition
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Analysis of Variance
Risperidone
medicine.diagnostic_test
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
business.industry
Neuropsychological test
medicine.disease
Inhibition, Psychological
Psychiatry and Mental health
Acoustic Stimulation
Schizophrenia
10054 Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics
Endophenotype
Case-Control Studies
Haloperidol
Female
Psychology
business
2803 Biological Psychiatry
Antipsychotic Agents
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09249338
- Volume :
- 23
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- European Psychiatry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e23bdce02617fe6cf48ea3bc245c0c9f