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Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State
- Source :
- Infection and Immunity, Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, 2011, 79 (8), pp.3445-3454. ⟨10.1128/IAI.00025-11⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2011.
-
Abstract
- Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans to Salmonella infection. In chickens, Salmonella may establish a carrier state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the host organism without triggering clinical signs. Based on cellular morphological parameters, we developed a method, without using antibodies, to separate three cecal cell subpopulations: lymphocytes, enterocytes, and a population encompassing multiple cell types. We analyzed the mRNA expression of TLR4, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, IL-12, and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha factor (LITAF) in cecal subpopulations of chicks from inbred lines resistant or susceptible to the carrier state infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. The results showed that resistance to the carrier state in chicks is associated with a larger percentage of lymphocytes and with higher levels of expression of TLR4 and IL-8 at homeostasis in the three cell subpopulations, as well as with a higher level of expression of LITAF in lymphocytes during the carrier state. In contrast to the early phase of infection, the carrier state is characterized by no major cell recruitment differences between infected and noninfected animals and no significant modification in terms of TLR4, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-12, and LITAF expression in all cell subpopulations measured. However, TLR4 expression increased in the lymphocytes of chicks from the susceptible line, reaching the same level as that in infected chicks from the resistant line. These observations suggest that the carrier state is characterized by a lack of immune activation and highlight the interest of working at the level of the cell population rather than that of the organ.
- Subjects :
- Cell type
Salmonella
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Immunology
Population
Gene Expression
lymphocyte
tlr4
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
resistance
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Animals
[INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Lymphocytes
education
Receptor
Cecum
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
030304 developmental biology
Host Response and Inflammation
Salmonella Infections, Animal
0303 health sciences
education.field_of_study
Toll-like receptor
Gene Expression Profiling
Toll-Like Receptor 4
Enterocytes
Infectious Diseases
Salmonella enteritidis
[SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology
Carrier State
TLR4
biology.protein
Cytokines
Parasitology
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Antibody
Chickens
030215 immunology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10985522 and 00199567
- Volume :
- 79
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Infection and Immunity
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dfdb9afd53dffd598476882940029ea4