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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Novel Treatments
- Source :
- Current Neuropharmacology
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2018.
-
Abstract
- Background The human gut microbiome comprise a huge number of microorganisms with co-evolutionary associations with humans. It has been repeatedly revealed that bidirectional communication exists between the brain and the gut and involves neural, hormonal, and immunological pathways. Evidences from neuroscience researches over the past few years suggest that microbiota is essential for the development and maturation of brain systems that are associated to stress responses. Method This review provides that the summarization of the communication among microbiota, gut and brain and the results of preclinical and clinical studies on gut microbiota used in treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. Result Recent studies have reported that diverse forms of neuropsychiatric disorders (such as autism, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia) are associated with or modulated by variations in the microbiome, by microbial substrates, and by exogenous prebiotics, antibiotics, and probiotics. Conclusion The microbiota–gut–brain axis might provide novel targets for prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, further studies are required to substantiate the clinical use of probiotics, prebiotics and FMT.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
enteric microbiota
Gut–brain axis
Bidirectional communication
Gut flora
digestive system
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Human gut
Animals
Humans
Pharmacology (medical)
Microbiome
Pharmacology
gut microbiota
biology
gut-brain axis
Mental Disorders
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Brain
General Medicine
Microbiota-gut-brain axis
biology.organism_classification
Pathophysiology
Psychiatry and Mental health
030104 developmental biology
probiotics
Neurology
Neurology (clinical)
prebiotics
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1570159X
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current Neuropharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....de351451ffe6afa726b2dff61f586dab