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Carbohydrate Intake Is Associated with Diet Quality and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults: NHANES III
- Source :
- Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 22:71-79
- Publication Year :
- 2003
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2003.
-
Abstract
- To determine if carbohydrate intake, as a % of energy, was related to diet quality and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults in a cross-sectional and population-based study in the U.S.Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994) were utilized. The nationally representative sample of the U.S. population (3,754 men, 4,074 women, ages 25 to 64 years) was divided into quintiles of carbohydrate intake (% of energy), which was examined in relation to risk factors for CVD: systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and concentrations of serum triglyceride, serum total and HDL cholesterol and plasma glucose.When covariates (age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol intake and total energy intake) were adjusted in multivariate analyses, carbohydrate intakes (% of energy) were inversely associated with BMI and serum total cholesterol concentration in men and BMI in women and positively associated with serum triglyceride concentration in women. When total sugar intake (% of energy) was further controlled as a step to understand the quality of carbohydrate, carbohydrate intakes (% of energy) was a stronger predictor of BMI and plasma glucose in men and BMI in women. A high carbohydrate diet (57.4% of energy in men and59.1% of energy in women) was associated with a low serum HDL-cholesterol concentration in men and high serum triglyceride in women.Moderately high carbohydrate (50% to 55% of energy) diets were associated with low CVD risks with favorable lipid profiles.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Cross-sectional study
Population
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
chemistry.chemical_compound
Risk Factors
Environmental health
Internal medicine
Confidence Intervals
Dietary Carbohydrates
Odds Ratio
Humans
Medicine
Risk factor
education
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Triglycerides
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
Triglyceride
business.industry
Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
Odds ratio
Middle Aged
Anthropometry
Nutrition Surveys
Lipids
United States
Diet
Cholesterol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Endocrinology
chemistry
Cardiovascular Diseases
Multivariate Analysis
Female
business
Body mass index
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15411087 and 07315724
- Volume :
- 22
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American College of Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ddae1af69d0648bd79e2ae42e0037578