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Interferon-Stimulated Genes: What Do They All Do?
- Source :
- Annual review of virology. 6(1)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- In the absence of an intact interferon (IFN) response, mammals may be susceptible to lethal viral infection. IFNs are secreted cytokines that activate a signal transduction cascade leading to the induction of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Remarkably, approximately 10% of the genes in the human genome have the potential to be regulated by IFNs. What do all of these genes do? It is a complex question without a simple answer. From decades of research, we know that many of the protein products encoded by these ISGs work alone or in concert to achieve one or more cellular outcomes, including antiviral defense, antiproliferative activities, and stimulation of adaptive immunity. The focus of this review is the antiviral activities of the IFN/ISG system. This includes general paradigms of ISG function, supported by specific examples in the literature, as well as methodologies to identify and characterize ISG function.
- Subjects :
- Biology
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Interferon
Virology
medicine
Animals
Humans
Gene
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Innate immune system
virus diseases
Acquired immune system
Cell biology
Virus Diseases
Interferon Regulatory Factors
Viruses
Human genome
Interferons
Signal transduction
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Function (biology)
medicine.drug
Virus Physiological Phenomena
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23270578
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Annual review of virology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dd93fce568ec54702e4911539c131b05