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Current treatment strategies for COVID‑19 (Review)
- Source :
- Molecular Medicine Reports
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Spandidos Publications, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged suddenly at the end of 2019 and the disease came to be known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To date, there is no specific therapy established to treat COVID-19. Identifying effective treatments is urgently required to treat patients and stop the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in humans. For the present review, >100 publications on therapeutic agents for COVID-19, including in vitro and in vivo animal studies, case reports, retrospective analyses and meta-analyses were retrieved from PubMed and analyzed, and promising therapeutic agents that may be used to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection were highlighted. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, different drugs have been repurposed for its treatment. Existing drugs, including chloroquine (CQ), its derivative hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), remdesivir and nucleoside analogues, monoclonal antibodies, convalescent plasma, Chinese herbal medicine and natural compounds for treating COVID-19 evaluated in experimental and clinical studies were discussed. Although early clinical studies suggested that CQ/HCQ produces antiviral action, later research indicated certain controversy regarding their use for treating COVID-19. The molecular mechanisms of these therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV2 have been investigated, including inhibition of viral interactions with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in human cells, viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RNA replication and the packaging of viral particles. Potent therapeutic options were reviewed and future challenges to accelerate the development of novel therapeutic agents to treat and prevent COVID-19 were acknowledged.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
medicine.drug_class
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Review
Disease
Monoclonal antibody
Bioinformatics
Antiviral Agents
Biochemistry
Antimalarials
coronavirus disease 2019
In vivo
Chloroquine
Genetics
medicine
Animals
Humans
antibodies
Molecular Biology
COVID-19 Serotherapy
Alanine
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Immunization, Passive
COVID-19
Hydroxychloroquine
Molecular medicine
Adenosine Monophosphate
Oncology
nucleoside analogues
Molecular Medicine
Chinese herbal medicine
Animal studies
business
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17913004 and 17912997
- Volume :
- 24
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Molecular Medicine Reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dc0166e89d838a654c3bd930c4375d3b