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Cytokinin-promoted secondary growth and nutrient storage in the perennial stem zone of Arabis alpina
- Source :
- The Plant Journal
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Perennial plants maintain their life span through several growth seasons. Arabis alpina serves as model Brassicaceae species to study perennial traits. A. alpina lateral stems have a proximal vegetative zone with a dormant bud zone, and a distal senescing seed-producing inflorescence zone. We addressed the questions of how this zonation is distinguished at the anatomical level, whether it is related to nutrient storage, and which signals affect the zonation. We found that the vegetative zone exhibits secondary growth, which we termed the perennial growth zone (PZ). High-molecular weight carbon compounds accumulate there in cambium and cambium derivatives. Neither vernalization nor flowering were requirements for secondary growth and sequestration of storage compounds. The inflorescence zone with only primary growth, termed annual growth zone (AZ), or roots exhibited different storage characteristics. Following cytokinin application, cambium activity was enhanced and secondary phloem parenchyma was formed in the PZ and also in the AZ. In transcriptome analysis cytokinin-related genes represented enriched gene ontology terms and were expressed at higher level in PZ than AZ. Thus, A. alpina uses primarily the vegetative PZ for nutrient storage, coupled to cytokinin-promoted secondary growth. This finding lays a foundation for future studies addressing signals for perennial growth.HighlightArabis alpina stems have a perennial zone with secondary growth, where cambium and derivatives store high-molecular weight compounds independent of vernalization. Cytokinins are signals for the perennial secondary growth zone.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Cytokinins
Perennial plant
Secondary growth
Plant Science
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Arabis
Plant Growth Regulators
Botany
Genetics
Cambium
Arabis alpina
biology
Plant Stems
Gene Expression Profiling
fungi
Starch
Cell Biology
Vernalization
biology.organism_classification
Lipid Metabolism
030104 developmental biology
Inflorescence
chemistry
Cytokinin
Phloem
Plant Shoots
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1365313X
- Volume :
- 105
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biologyREFERENCES
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dbeba11439fc2d7c5118bf974a3a9231