Etiological spectrum of acute small intestinal obstruction in adult patient

Small intestinal obstruction is one of the most common abdominal emergency faced by surgery resident in emergency department. Diagnosis and management of these patients are challenging as underlying pathology is usually obscure and disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aims: in this study it was aimed to evaluate the common etiological factor related to small bowel obstruction in adult patients in our setting as our centre is the only tertiary care centre belongs to Kumaun region at present and also deal the patients from various nearby districts of state of Uttar Pradesh (the most populated state of India) like Moradabad, Rampur, Bijnor, Bareilly and Badanyu, most of these patient are from low socioeconomical strata of their region. Methods: our study was a retrospective analytic study. The data of adult patients who had surgical intervention for small bowel obstruction in the general surgery department of Dr. Sushila Tiwari Govt. hospital attached to GMC Haldwani, between 2014 and 2019 was evaluated retrospectively. All data of patients above age 14 year was collected which includes mainly information about age, additional morbidity and operative notes. Results: there were total 191 patients operated during this time span for small intestinal obstruction, out of these, 82 were female and 119 were male. Patients from 4’Th decades (25.13%) of their life were most commonly affected. Abdominal tuberculosis was most common etiology found in 30.89% patient, follow by post-operative adhesion, Hernias and malignancy respectively. Conclusions: The causes of intestinal obstruction are variable in different parts of the world. Tuberculosis was the leading cause of small intestinal obstruction in this study.